A Brief Discussion on the Enforcement and Supervision of Low Voltage Distribution Cabinets for 3C Products

The main function of a low-voltage distribution cabinet is to distribute electrical energy and control the use of electrical energy. With the increasing number of large-scale engineering projects and intelligent high-rise buildings in China, the application of low-voltage distribution cabinets as important power supply equipment is also growing, and various new products are constantly emerging. This undoubtedly puts forward higher requirements for the quality supervision department to strengthen the supervision of the legality, safety, and reliability of low-voltage distribution cabinets. The author would like to share their work experience in law enforcement and supervision of low-voltage distribution cabinets
The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and the State Administration for Market Regulation jointly issued Announcement No. 33 in 2001, which included low-voltage switchgear for low-voltage electrical appliances in the mandatory certification product catalog. Since November 1, 2003, the "Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Certification and Accreditation" have been officially implemented, in addition to the "Product Quality Law of the People's Republic of China", "Regulations on the Administration of Compulsory Product Certification", "Measures for the Administration of Certification Certificates and Certification Marks" and other laws and regulations, laying a solid legal foundation for the lawful administrative work of certification and accreditation in the quality supervision department
At present, there are many types of low-voltage distribution cabinets with strong technical requirements, involving many professional terms, and the components and parts of the products are also quite complex. Meanwhile, in recent years, during the law enforcement and supervision of low-voltage distribution cabinets, we have found that production enterprises mainly engage in the following four illegal behaviors: they have not applied for certification, only certify products with high output for producing multiple models, tamper with the nameplate model of the distribution cabinet, and the key components of the product are inconsistent with the confirmed type inspection report. This requires law enforcement and regulatory personnel to master the relevant knowledge of low-voltage distribution cabinets, otherwise it will be difficult to supervise and serve users
In the process of law enforcement and supervision of low-voltage distribution cabinets, law enforcement personnel should conduct "three inspections and one check". Three looks "means looking at the product nameplate. It is necessary to record in detail the model, rated working current, rated short-time withstand current, protection level, etc. indicated on the product nameplate, among which the current level is the most authoritative. This is also the basis for dividing the certification units of distribution cabinets, because there is a limit on the current value on the mandatory certification certificate of the product, which can be used to determine whether it is within the certification scope. If it exceeds the scope, it belongs to an uncertified product. Check if the copper bars comply with the type test report. Check the size of the main busbar of the distribution cabinet, require the on-site provision of the "Product 3C Test Report" (with product description) and design drawings of the distribution cabinet, and then compare them with the design drawings for inspection. If the product description in the enterprise's "Test Report" clearly specifies the use of copper bars for the main busbar, and aluminum bars are found on site, it indicates that it does not comply with the principle of consistency between mandatory certification product type test reports and production protection. Check the protection level three times. Generally, low-voltage distribution cabinets are labeled with IP30 and IP40. The first number represents the level of contact protection and foreign object protection, which is used to prevent foreign objects from entering the electrical appliance and human contact and internal protection. The second number represents the level of waterproofing. The larger the number, the higher the protection level
One check "refers to checking the mandatory product certification certificate. Click on the website of the State Administration for Market Regulation, open the CCC certification query, and then open the mandatory certification certificate query. There are two types of queries on this website, one is mandatory certification public query, and the other is mandatory certification law enforcement unit query (each bureau has a query password, and the content information is relatively detailed). Enter the unit to be queried to check whether the information on the certificate is consistent with the information marked on the product nameplate
According to the above method steps for inspection, a preliminary judgment can be made on site, and then important evidence can be carefully verified to determine whether the product is produced beyond the scope, or whether it is a component confirmed by the certification body based on the product description in the test report. At the same time, when making routine on-site inspection records, attention should also be paid to collecting the "six elements", namely the rated current, rated voltage, product model, etc. marked on the nameplate; The rated current, factory name, short-time withstand current, and other information marked on the circuit breaker (main incoming switch); The metal materials used in the busbar and the width, thickness, and other data measured on site; Product description in the product type test report; Product design drawings; Purchase contract documents
After years of practice, the author believes that law enforcement personnel need to pay attention to three issues during inspections. Firstly, the fourth point of the "Reply on How to Determine the Illegal Use of Products Without Compulsory Product Certification in Construction Projects" (Guozhuifahn [2005] No. 127) clearly stipulates that "products in the catalog of low-voltage switchgear assembled by construction units for use on construction sites are currently not within the scope of compulsory product certification enforcement". Secondly, according to Article 67 of the Certification and Accreditation Regulations of the People's Republic of China, products that have not been certified must be products sold at the factory in order to be punished. Therefore, when conducting law enforcement inspections on unverified enterprises, it is necessary to obtain sales receipts in order to prove that the products produced by the enterprise are illegal acts of unauthorized factory sales without certification. Otherwise, there is no right to deal with the production behavior of the enterprise, and only written notification can be given to the enterprise that the products produced must be certified before they can be sold. The third is to distinguish between high-voltage distribution cabinets and low-voltage distribution cabinets clearly. When investigating and dealing with distribution cabinets, it is important to carefully examine them. Do not inspect high-voltage distribution cabinets as low-voltage distribution cabinets, as they are not included in the mandatory certification product catalog